What are the causes of exceptions in java?

A java exception can be thrown only in the following three scenarios:

(1) An abnormal execution condition was synchronously detected by the Java virtual machine.
- When evaluation of an expression violates the normal semantics (Example: an integer divide by zero)
- An error occurs in loading or linking part of the program
- When limitation on a resource is exceeded (Example: using too much memory)

(2) A throw statement was executed.

(3) An asynchronous exception occurred.
- The stop method (deprecated) of class Thread was invoked
- An internal error has occurred in the java virtual machine